Averroes
| native_name = | birth_date = | birth_place = Qurṭubah, Al-Andalus, Almoravid Empire | death_date = | death_place = Marrakesh, Almohad Caliphate | era = Medieval, Islamic Golden Age | region = Islamic philosophy | school_tradition = Aristotelianism | main_interests = Islamic theology, philosophy, Islamic jurisprudence, medicine, astronomy, physics, linguistics | notable_ideas = Relation between Islam and philosophy, non-contradiction of reason and revelation, unity of the intellect | other_names =The Commentator
(The Grandson) |Relatives=Ibn Rushd al-Jadd (grandfather)}} Ibn Rushd (}}; full name in ; 14 April 112611 December 1198), often Latinized as Averroes ( ), was an Andalusian polymath and jurist who wrote about many subjects, including philosophy, theology, medicine, astronomy, physics, psychology, mathematics, Islamic jurisprudence and law, and linguistics. The author of more than 100 books and treatises, his philosophical works include numerous commentaries on Aristotle, for which he was known in the Western world as ''The Commentator'' and ''Father of Rationalism''.
Averroes was a strong proponent of Aristotelianism; he attempted to restore what he considered the original teachings of Aristotle and opposed the Neoplatonist tendencies of earlier Muslim thinkers, such as Al-Farabi and Avicenna. He also defended the pursuit of philosophy against criticism by Ashari theologians such as Al-Ghazali. Averroes argued that philosophy was permissible in Islam and even compulsory among certain elites. He also argued scriptural text should be interpreted allegorically if it appeared to contradict conclusions reached by reason and philosophy. In Islamic jurisprudence, he wrote the ''Bidāyat al-Mujtahid'' on the differences between Islamic schools of law and the principles that caused their differences. In medicine, he proposed a new theory of stroke, described the signs and symptoms of Parkinson's disease for the first time, and might have been the first to identify the retina as the part of the eye responsible for sensing light. His medical book ''Al-Kulliyat fi al-Tibb'', translated into Latin and known as the ''Colliget'', became a textbook in Europe for centuries.
His legacy in the Islamic world was modest for geographical and intellectual reasons. In the West, Averroes was known for his extensive commentaries on Aristotle, many of which were translated into Latin and Hebrew. The translations of his work reawakened western European interest in Aristotle and Greek thinkers, an area of study that had been widely abandoned after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. His thoughts generated controversies in Latin Christendom and triggered a philosophical movement called Averroism based on his writings. His unity of the intellect thesis, proposing that all humans share the same intellect, became one of the best-known and most controversial Averroist doctrines in the West. His works were condemned by the Catholic Church in 1270 and 1277. Although weakened by condemnations and sustained critique from Thomas Aquinas, Latin Averroism continued to attract followers up to the sixteenth century. Provided by Wikipedia
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1Talkhīṣ kitāb al-Jadal /تلخيص کتاب الجدل /تلخيص کتاب الجدل /تلخيص كتاب الجدل /تلخيص کتاب الجدل /by Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198
Published 1979
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3by Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198Other Authors: “...Averroës, 1126-1198...”
Published 2018
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5Talkhīṣ Kitāb al-ʻibārah /تلخيص كتاب العبارة /تلخيص كتاب العبارة /تلخيص كتاب العبارة /تلخيص كتاب العبارة /by Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198
Published 1981
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6Bidāyat al-mujtahid wa-nihāyat al-muqtaṣid /بداية المجتهد ونهاية المقتصد /بداية المجتهد ونهاية المقتصد /بداية المجتهد ونهاية المقتصد /by Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averröes, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198
Published 1970
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7Sharḥ al-Burhān li-Arisṭū wa-Talkhīṣ al-Burhān /شرح البرهان لأرسطو وتلخيص البرهان /شرح البرهان لأرسطو وتلخيص البرهان /by Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198Other Authors: “...Averroës, 1126-1198...”
Published 1984
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8by Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198
Published 1872
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9Rasāʾil Ibn Rushd al-falsafīyah /رسائل ابن رشد الفلسفية /by Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198
Published 1994
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10Talkhīṣ Akhlāq Arisṭū : al-Akhlāq ilá Nīqūmākhūs /تلخيص اخلاق ارسطو : الاخلاق الى نيقوماخوس /تلخيص اخلاق ارسطو : الاخلاق الى نيقوماخوس /تلخيص اخلاق ارسطو : الاخلاق الى نيقوماخوس /تلخيص اخلاق ارسطو : الاخلاق الى نيقوماخوس /تلخيص أخلاق أرسطو : الأخلاق إلى نيقوماخوس /by Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198
Published 2018
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11ha-Nusaḥim ha-ʻIvriyim shel ha-maʼamar ha-reviʻi shel ha-beʼur ha-emtsaʻi shel Ibn Roshd le-Sefer ha-midot ʻal-shem Niḳomakhus la-Arisṭo /הנוסחים העבריים של המאמר הרביעי של הביאור האמצעי של אבן רשד לספר המידות על-שם ניקומאכוס לאריסטו /הנוסחים העבריים של המאמר הרביעי של הביאור האמצעי של אבן רשד לספר המידות על־שם ניקומאכוס לאריסטו /הנוסחים העבריים של המאמר הרביעי של הביאור האמצעי של אבן רשד לספר המידות על־שם ניקומאכוס לאריסטו /הנוסחים העבריים של המאמר הרביעי של הביאור האמצעי של אבן רשד לספר המידות על־שם ניקומאכוס לאריסטו /by Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198
Published 1981
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12Talkhīṣ kitāb Arisṭūṭālīs fī al-jadal /تلخيص كتاب أرسطوطاليس في الجدل /تلخيص كتاب أرسطوطاليس في الجدل /تلخيص كتاب ارسطوطاليس في الجدل /by Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198
Published 1980
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13by Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198
Published 1980
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14by Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198
Published 1986
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15Talkhīṣ al-Kawn wa-al-Fasād /تلخيص الكون والفساد /by Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198
Published 1995
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16by Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198
Published 1983
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18Rasāʾil Ibn Rushd al-Ṭibbīyah /رسائل ابن رشد الطبية /by Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198
Published 1987
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19Sharḥ al-Samāʼ wa-al-ʻālam lil-Ḥakīm Arisṭūṭālīs /شرح السماء والعالم للحكيم أرسطوطاليس /شرح السماء والعالم للحكيم أرسطوطاليس /شرح السماء والعالم للحكيم أرسطوطاليس /شرح السماء والعالم للحكيم أرسطوطاليس /شرح السماء والعالم للحكيم أرسطوطاليس /by Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198
Published 2002
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20ha-Beʼur ha-emtsaʻi shel Ibn Roshd le-Sefer ha-midot ʻal-shem Niḳomakhus le-Arisṭo /הביאור האמצעי של אבן רשד לספר המידות על־שם ניקומאכוס לאריסטו /הביאור האמצעי של אבן רשד לספר המידות על־שם ניקומאכוס לאריסטו /הביאור האמצעי של אבן רשד לספר המידות על־שם ניקומאכוס לאריסטו /הביאור האמצעי של אבן רשד לספר המידות על־שם ניקומאכוס לאריסטו /הביאור האמצעי של אבן רשד לספר המידות על־שם ניקומאכוס לאריסטו /by Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198, Averroës, 1126-1198
Published 1999
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